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Sainte-Marie among the Hurons archaeological collection

 Collection
Identifier: SC-057

Scope and Contents

The Sainte-Marie among the Hurons collection, 1630-1950, contains materials gathered as part of archaeological excavations of the Sainte-Marie among the Hurons settlement. A letter and envelope in the collection detail the inventory of what was sent as well as where some of the items were found. Two boxes with informational labels that contained the artifacts are also retained as part of the collection. The artifacts include a metal axe head, eighteen pottery shards, two pipe fragments, fifteen hand-forged nails, one machine-made screw from a later era, a knife blade, three metal fragments, birch bark, five pieces of charcoal, and a small bag of ash and other scraps.

Dates

  • Creation: 1630-1950

Conditions Governing Access

This collection is located at the Loyola Notre Dame Library. Contact Archives and Special Collections for more information.

This collection is open for research.

Conditions Governing Use

The Sainte-Marie among the Hurons archaeological collection is the physical property of Archives and Special Collections, Loyola Notre Dame Library. Copyright, except in cases where material has passed into the public domain, belongs to the authors or their legal heirs and assigns.

Sainte-Marie among the Hurons

Sainte-Marie among the Hurons was a settlement of French Jesuits who established a mission among the indigenous Wyandot people in 1639. Their settlement was located by the present-day town of Midland in Ontario, Canada. The Jesuits were friendly with the Wyandot people, but the Wyandot had a rivalry with another indigenous group known as the Iroquois. The Wyandot's close relations with the French did, however, negatively impact them when the influx of diseases introduced by the French decimated the Wyandot population.

Conflict between the Wyandot and Iroquois continued througout the life of the settlement. Jesuit missionaries Isaac Jogues and Jean Brebreuf were killed by the Iroquois during these battles, and later canonized as saints by the Catholic Church in 1930. As the Iroquois began defeating the Wyandot, the Jesuits decided to retreat to a nearby island in 1649 to continue their mission. In the process of moving, the Jesuits burned Sainte-Marie to the ground. It was not until the late 1940s that this site's location was fully excavated by a team of archaeologists including Wilfrid Jury, along with a group of Jesuit priests. Among those priests was Loyola's then-president, Father Francis X. Talbot.

Source: https://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_nhs_eng.aspx?id=834

Father Francis X. Talbot

Father Francis Xavier Talbot was Loyola's president from 1947-1950. During his first semester as president he took leave to attend an archaeological dig in Canada. Father Talbot was already famous for his research into the Jesuit missions in Canada and wrote a book called, Saint Among Savages which followed the life of Saint Isaac Jogues, a Jesuit preist. The archaeological dig right outside of Midland Canada confirmed that the settlement of Sainte-Marie, which was a Jesuit Mission, was there. This aided Father Talbot in his research and he was able to write a second book titled "Saint Among the Hurons." This book followed the life of St. Jean Brebeuf. This was another Jesuit missionary that was martyred in Canada. Father Talbot was acquaintances with Wilfrid Jury. Wilfrid Jury was the head archaeologist of this dig and in 1949 he decided to give Father Talbot some artifacts. This occurred towards the end of his presidency. While there is no official record on how the collection came into the archives it is clear they were either given directly by Father Talbot or remained here when he departed Loyola.

Sources:

Baltimore Sun: August 13, 1947

https://jesuitonlinelibrary.bc.edu/?a=d&d=wlet19560701-01.2.5&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------

Extent

1.67 Cubic Feet (Four flat boxes, one tall legal-size document box)

Language of Materials

English

Abstract

Sainte-Marie among the Hurons was a settlement of French Jesuits who established a mission among the indigenous Wyandot people in 1639 near the present-day town of Midland in Ontario, Canada. This collection includes artifacts from Sainte-Marie Among the Hurons, such as hand-forged nails, pottery fragments, and an axe head.

Immediate Source of Acquisition

Documentation found within this collection indicates that Wilfrid Jury gave the artifacts to Father Francis X. Talbot. There is no subsequent documentation of the collection's transfer to the University Archives.

Processing Information

This collection was processed in October 19, 2022 by Frederick Bradbury V.

Title
Guide to the Sainte-Marie among the Hurons archaeological collection
Author
Frederick Bradbury V
Date
2022
Language of description
English
Script of description
Latin

Repository Details

Part of the Loyola Notre Dame Library Archives and Special Collections Repository

Contact:
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Baltimore MD 21212
410-617-6870